The two Fallujah Battles of 2004 are quite possibly two of the worst humanitarian disasters in recent human history, marked by the murder and displacement of hundreds of thousands of people in Fallujah City, Iraq. The wars raised a number of concerns regarding the implementation of international legal norms and international legal bodies that seek to ensure the protection of the international humanitarian legal rights of individuals, which considers issues including the treatment of prisoners of war and of civilians in occupied territory, and the International Criminal Court (ICC), whose purpose is to adjudicate matters that might generally be described as serious international humanitarian law (IHL) violations requiring the protection of civilians.